Biotin-Linked Monoclonal Antibody to Interleukin 1 Beta (IL1b)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) by this cytokine in the central nervous system (CNS) is found to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. This gene and eight other interleukin 1 family genes form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

IL1B: Produced by activated macrophages, IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response, being identified as endogenous pyrogens, and are reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. Monomer. Belongs to the IL-1 family.

Protein type: Cytokine

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2q14.1

Cellular Component: cytosol; extracellular exosome; extracellular region; extracellular space; lysosome; secretory granule

Molecular Function: cytokine activity; interleukin-1 receptor binding; protein binding; protein domain specific binding

Biological Process: activation of MAPK activity; apoptosis; cell-cell signaling; cellular response to organic cyclic compound; cellular response to organic substance; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; embryo implantation; fever; germ cell programmed cell death; hyaluronan biosynthetic process; immune response; inflammatory response; interleukin-1 beta production; interleukin-6 production; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; MAPK cascade; negative regulation of cell proliferation; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand; negative regulation of glucose transport; negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of lipid catabolic process; negative regulation of lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of MAP kinase activity; negative regulation of synaptic transmission; neutrophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of cell division; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of cell proliferation; positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process; positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; positive regulation of fever; positive regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production; positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion; positive regulation of histone acetylation; positive regulation of histone phosphorylation; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; positive regulation of interleukin-2 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of interleukin-6 secretion; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of lipid catabolic process; positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division; positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade; positive regulation of phagocytosis; positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion; positive regulation of protein export from nucleus; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity; positive regulation of T cell proliferation; positive regulation of transcription factor activity; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; protein kinase B signaling; regulation of defense response to virus by host; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; regulation of insulin secretion; regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; regulation of receptor activity; response to ATP; response to carbohydrate stimulus; sequestering of triacylglycerol; signal transduction; smooth muscle adaptation

Disease: Gastric Cancer, Hereditary Diffuse