Biological Activity

Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) is a potent Voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs) blocker. Phenytoin reduces breast tumour growth and metastasis in mice, and it also has antiepileptic activity.

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	252.27
Formula	C15H12N2O2
CAS Number	57-41-0
Solubility (25°C)	DMSO 50 mg/mL
Storage	Powder          -20°C   3 years ;  4°C   2 years In solvent       -80°C   6 months ;  -20°C   1 month

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (PMID: 27057123)

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.

References

[1] Franco V, et al. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. CYP2C9 polymorphisms and phenytoin metabolism: implications for adverse effects.