TCR δ Antibody (H-41) is an IgG₁ κ mouse monoclonal TCR delta antibody (also designated TCR δ antibody) that detects the TCR delta protein of human origin by WB, IP and ELISA. TCR δ Antibody (H-41) is available as the non-conjugated anti-TCR delta antibody. The T cell antigen receptor (TCR) recognizes foreign antigens and translates such recognition events into intracellular signals that elicit a change in the cell from a dormant to an activated state. TCR is a heterodimer composed of either α and β or γ and δ chains. The vast majority of circulating T cells (95%) express the α/β heterodimer while roughly 2-5% express the γ/δ heterodimer. CD3 chains and the CD4 or CD8 co-receptors are also required for efficient signal transduction through the TCR. The TCR is expressed on T helper and T cytotoxic cells that can be distinguished by their expression of CD4 and CD8. T helper cells express CD4 proteins and T cytotoxic cells display CD8. CD4 is also expressed on cortical cells, mature medullary thymocytes, microglial cells and dendritic cells. CD4, also designated T4 and Leu 3, is a membrane glycoprotein that contains four extracellular immunoglobin-like domains. The TCR, in association with CD4, can bind class II MHC molecules presented by the antigen-presenting cells. The CD4 protein functions by increasing the avidity of the interaction between the TCR and an antigen-class II MHC complex.

Alexa Fluor^® is a trademark of Molecular Probes Inc., OR., USA

LI-COR^® and Odyssey^® are registered trademarks of LI-COR Biosciences

References:

1. Novel anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies separate human immunodeficiency virus infection and fusion of CD4+ cells from virus binding.  |  Healey, D., et al. 1990. J Exp Med. 172: 1233-42. PMID: 1698911
2. The immunobiology of T cells with invariant gamma delta antigen receptors.  |  Allison, JP. and Havran, WL. 1991. Annu Rev Immunol. 9: 679-705. PMID: 1832874
3. Signal transduction by the T cell antigen receptor.  |  Weiss, A., et al. 1991. Semin Immunol. 3: 313-24. PMID: 1839225
4. Identification of the residues in human CD4 critical for the binding of HIV.  |  Arthos, J., et al. 1989. Cell. 57: 469-81. PMID: 2541915
5. Structure and expression of the human and mouse T4 genes.  |  Maddon, PJ., et al. 1987. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 84: 9155-9. PMID: 3501122
6. The interaction between CD4 and MHC class II molecules and its effect on T cell function.  |  Vignali, DA. 1994. Behring Inst Mitt. 133-47. PMID: 7998907
7. T cell receptor interaction with peptide/major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and superantigen/MHC ligands is dominated by antigen.  |  Ehrich, EW., et al. 1993. J Exp Med. 178: 713-22. PMID: 8393480
8. Distinct roles for CD4 and CD8 as co-receptors in antigen receptor signalling.  |  Julius, M., et al. 1993. Immunol Today. 14: 177-83. PMID: 8499078

Monoclonal antibodies for mammalian and non-mammalian protein targets represent essentially all targets covered by polyclonal antibodies. Over 8,300 of our antibodies are offered as ImmunoCruz^® conjugates which eliminates the need for a secondary antibody.

Santa Cruz Biotechnology antibodies have over 360,000 research citations. Anti-TCR δ Antibody (H-41) has 31 citations in a variety of scientific publications.

Primary antibodies like Anti-TCR δ Antibody (H-41) for mammalian target proteins are recommended for the detection of a range of mammalian species, primarily of mouse, rat and human species. Many mammalian antibodies are also ideal for veterinary research and reactive with ovine, porcine, caprine, feline, canine, bovine and equine protein targets. Santa Cruz Biotechnology primary monoclonal antibodies are suitable for laboratory research applications and are not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.