Biological Activity

Y-27632 is a potent, selective inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCK) with IC50 values of 140-220 nM for ROCK1 and ROCK2. Y-27632 inhibited the kinase activity of both ROCK-I and ROCK-II in vitro, and this inhibition was reversed by ATP in a competitive manner. The ROCK family of Rho-associated serine-threonine protein kinases is known to play an important role in Rho-mediated cell adhesion and smooth muscle contraction. It also inhibits PRK2 with an IC50 value of 600 nM. One-hour treatment with 10 µM Y-27632 blocks apoptosis of dissociated cultured human embryonic stem cells, increasing cloning efficiency by 25% and sustaining survival up to 30 passages. Y-27632 was found to increases human embryonic stem cell (hESC) survival. In addition, Y-27632 inhibited LPA-induced entosis.

Product Citations

• 

  Cell. 2024 Jan ;S0092-8674(23)01344-2.

  Human fetal brain self-organizes into long-term expanding organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Cell. 2024 Mar 11;42(3):487-496.

  Improved detection of colibactin-induced mutations by genotoxic E. coli in organoids and colorectal cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2024 Jan;S1934-5909(23)00438-1.

  Human conjunctiva organoids to study ocular surface homeostasis and disease
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2024 Feb;15(1):1231.

  Androgen deprivation induces double-null prostate cancer via aberrant nuclear export and ribosomal biogenesis through HGF and Wnt activation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2024 Feb;15(1):1200.

  UPP1 promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression through the induction of an immunosuppressive microenvironment
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Exp Med. 2024 Feb;221(3):e20231237.

  Non-professional efferocytosis of Salmonella-infected intestinal epithelial cells in the neonatal host
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2024 Feb 27;43(1):61.

  Organoids as a biomarker for personalized treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer: drug screen optimization and correlation with patient response
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2024 Jan;43(1):113614.

  Tubuloid differentiation to model the human distal nephron and collecting duct in health and disease.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Cancer. 2024 Jan.

  TGFβ-induced EN1 promotes tumor budding of adenoid cystic carcinoma in patient-derived organoid model
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Biotechnol. 2023 Feb 23.

  Engineered human hepatocyte organoids enable CRISPR-based target discovery and drug screening for steatosis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Cell. 2023 Nov 13;41(11):1945-1962.e11.

  Tumor-resident Lactobacillus iners confer chemoradiation resistance through lactate-induced metabolic rewiring
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Cell. 2023 Dec 11;41(12):2083-2099.e9.

  Druggable growth dependencies and tumor evolution analysis in patient-derived organoids of neuroendocrine neoplasms from multiple body sites
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Res. 2023 Jun;33(6):464-478.

  SCUBE2 mediates bone metastasis of luminal breast cancer by modulating immune-suppressive osteoblastic niches
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023 May 19;8(1):187.

  FBXW7β loss-of-function enhances FASN-mediated lipogenesis and promotes colorectal cancer growth
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Discov. 2023 Mar 7;9(1):26.

  Reprogramming of palmitic acid induced by dephosphorylation of ACOX1 promotes β-catenin palmitoylation to drive colorectal cancer progression
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2023 May 27;14(1):3074.

  Single-cell transcriptomics reveals immune suppression and cell states predictive of patient outcomes in rhabdomyosarcoma
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2023 Jul 13;14(1):4193.

  ACTL6A protects gastric cancer cells against ferroptosis through induction of glutathione synthesis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2023 Nov 28;14(1):7361.

  Temporal morphogen gradient-driven neural induction shapes single expanded neuroepithelium brain organoids with enhanced cortical identity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Med. 2023 May 12;4(5):290-310.e12.

  Patient-derived head and neck cancer organoids allow treatment stratification and serve as a tool for biomarker validation and identification
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2023 Jun 16;14(1):3469.

  Single cell profiling of female breast fibroadenoma reveals distinct epithelial cell compositions and therapeutic targets
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Exp Med. 2023 Nov 6;220(11):e20211743.

  MYC is a clinically significant driver of mTOR inhibitor resistance in breast cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Jul 23;e2302640.

  Micro-Engineered Organoid-on-a-Chip Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Predict Immunotherapy Responses of HCC Patients
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Sci Adv. 2023 Aug 2;9(31):eadf3566.

  PHF8-GLUL axis in lipid deposition and tumor growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Sci Adv. 2023 Oct 6;9(40):eadf6911.

  SOX9-positive pituitary stem cells differ according to their position in the gland and maintenance of their progeny depends on context
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023 Feb 7;120(6):e2216836120.

  Tubuloid culture enables long-term expansion of functional human kidney tubule epithelium from iPSC-derived organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Exp Mol Med. 2023 Feb 9.

  ERdj5 protects goblet cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis under inflammatory conditions
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Additive Manufacturing. 2023 Jan 30.

  Bioactive photocrosslinkable resin solely based on refined decellularized small intestine submucosa for vat photopolymerization of in vitro tissue mimics
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Healthc Mater. 2023 May 22;e2300666.

  Manipulating the Dynamic Adaptivity of a Fluid Interface to Maintain the Multipotency of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Gut Microbes. 2023 Jan-Dec;15(1):2186114.

  Therapeutic potential of Clostridium butyricum anticancer effects in colorectal cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2023 Dec ;43(1):113614.

  Tubuloid differentiation to model the human distal nephron and collecting duct in health and disease
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2023 Dec;43, 113614.

  Tubuloid differentiation to model the human distal nephron and collecting duct in health and disease
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Elife. 2023 May 11;12:e83867.

  High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma organoids as models of chromosomal instability
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Transl Med. 2023 Jan 9;21(1):9.

  Papillary thyroid cancer organoids harboring BRAFV600E mutation reveal potentially beneficial effects of BRAF inhibitor-based combination therapies
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Oncogene. 2023 Aug 17.

  Persistent organic pollutants promote aggressiveness in prostate cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  NPJ Precis Oncol. 2023 Nov 2;7(1):112.

  Patient-derived organoids identify tailored therapeutic options and determinants of plasticity in sarcomatoid urothelial bladder cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Commun Signal. 2023 Jan 23;21(1):22.

  Extracellular matrix stiffness mediates uterine repair via the Rap1a/ARHGAP35/RhoA/F-actin/YAP axis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Breast Cancer Res. 2023 Aug 4;25(1):91.

  miR-203 drives breast cancer cell differentiation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2023 Oct 9;S0360-3016(23)07970-1.

  Radiosensitization by hyperthermia critically depends on the time interval
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun.

  Oxypalmatin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling and its efficacy against breast cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun;114:154752.

  Oxypalmatine regulates proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling and its efficacy against breast cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Pharmaceutics. 2023 Jan 12;15(1):261.

  GelMA, Click-Chemistry Gelatin and Bioprinted Polyethylene Glycol-Based Hydrogels as 3D Ex Vivo Drug Testing Platforms for Patient-Derived Breast Cancer Organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Cancer. 2023 Aug 25.

  Microfluidic droplet encapsulation-guided organoid growth promotes parental tumor phenotype recapitulation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 1;24(3):2830.

  Early Cell Cultures from Prostate Cancer Tissue Express Tissue Specific Epithelial and Cancer Markers
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 4;24(13):11048.

  Cerebral-Organoid-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Promote LMX1A-Dependent Dopaminergic Differentiation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  iScience. 2023 Jul 3.

  Targeting ITGB4/SOX2-driven lung cancer stem cells using proteasome inhibitors
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  iScience. 2023 Sep 27;26(10):108076.

  3D-printed scaffold harboring copper ions combined with near-infrared irradiation for local therapy of cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Mar 13;14:1140888.

  Establishment of papillary thyroid cancer organoid lines from clinical specimens
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Cell Mol Med. 2023 Jun 6.

  RhoA/ROCK1 regulates the mitochondrial dysfunction through Drp1 induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in endothelial cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Chem Biol Interact. 2023 Dec 1;386:110777.

  Assessment of doxorubicin toxicity using human cardiac organoids: A novel model for evaluating drug cardiotoxicity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2023 Feb 1;29(2):195-206.

  Molecular and Functional Characterization of Human Intestinal Organoids and Monolayers for Modeling Epithelial Barrier
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2023 May 19.

  Organoid models derived from patients with malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Eur J Pharm Sci. 2023 May 25;106481.

  Intestinal organoids as an in vitro platform to characterize disposition, metabolism, and safety profile of small molecules
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  BMC Cancer. 2023 Aug 8;23(1):732.

  BYL719 reverses gefitinib-resistance induced by PI3K/AKT activation in non-small cell lung cancer cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  iScience. 2023 Nov 4;26(12):108399.

  Functional and spatial proteomics profiling reveals intra-and intercellular signaling crosstalk in colorectal cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Hum Cell. 2023 Mar 3.

  Insights into the characteristics of primary radioresistant cervical cancer using single-cell transcriptomics
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  PLoS One. 2023 Jan 5;18(1):e0279821.

  A living biobank of matched pairs of patient-derived xenografts and organoids for cancer pharmacology
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Vet Comp Oncol. 2023 Mar;21(1):111-122.

  Organoids of patient‐derived medullary thyroid carcinoma: The first milestone towards a new in vitro model in dogs
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Animal Model Exp Med. 2023 Oct;6(5):409-418.

  Establishment of organoid models for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and screening of individualized therapy strategy
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2023 Sep 30;28(3):360-369.

  Organoid Establishment of Long-Term Culture Using Primary Mouse Hepatocytes and Evaluation of Liver Function
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  bioRxiv. 2023 Aug 26;2023.02.24.529893.

  The nutritional supplement taurine activates p53-dependent and independent tumor suppressor mechanisms in various cellular models of ovarian cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2023 Nov 20;4(4):102735.

  Protocol for establishing primary human lung organoid-derived air-liquid interface cultures from cryopreserved human lung tissue
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nature. 2022 Aug;608(7923):609-617.

  Truncated FGFR2 is a clinically actionable oncogene in multiple cancers
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Biotechnol. 2022 Jul 25.

  Uncovering the mode of action of engineered T cells in patient cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Mol Cancer. 2022 Mar 18;21(1):77.

  Cholesterol promotes EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC by inducing EGFR/Src/Erk/SP1 signaling-mediated ERRα re-expression
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2022 Aug 19;S1934-5909(22)00338-1.

  Optimized human intestinal organoid model reveals interleukin-22-dependency of paneth cell formation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 4;13(1):1804.

  Loss of Rnf31 and Vps4b sensitizes pancreatic cancer to T cell-mediated killing
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 28;13(1):4364.

  Aberrant androgen action in prostatic progenitor cells induces oncogenesis and tumor development through IGF1 and Wnt axes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2022 May 13;13(1):2672.

  N6-methyladenosine regulated FGFR4 attenuates ferroptotic cell death in recalcitrant HER2-positive breast cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2022 Jul 9;13(1):3998.

  Acetyl-CoA-Carboxylase 1-mediated de novo fatty acid synthesis sustains Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell function
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2022 Oct 5;13(1):5878.

  Helicobacter pylori shows tropism to gastric differentiated pit cells dependent on urea chemotaxis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May;9(13):e2104301.

  Self‐Organization of Tissue Growth by Interfacial Mechanical Interactions in Multilayered Systems
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Extracell Vesicles. 2022 Nov;11(11):e12280.

  A human kidney and liver organoid-based multi-organ-on-a-chip model to study the therapeutic effects and biodistribution of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Small. 2022 Jan;18(2):e2104328.

  Topographic Cues Guiding Cell Polarization via Distinct Cellular Mechanosensing Pathways
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Genom. 2022 Feb;2(2):100095.

  Drug screening and genome editing in human pancreatic cancer organoids identifies drug-gene interactions and candidates for off-label therapy
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Res. 2022 Feb 18;canres.CAN-21-2807-E.2021.

  Patient-derived triple negative breast cancer organoids provide robust model systems that recapitulate tumor intrinsic characteristics
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Nov 16;119(46):e2212057119.

  Mapping prohormone processing by proteases in human enteroendocrine cells using genetically engineered organoid models
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  EMBO Mol Med. 2022 Sep 7;14(9):e15687.

  Store-operated calcium entry controls innate and adaptive immune cell function in inflammatory bowel disease
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Fundamental Research. 2022 June 3;2022;12:37.

  Droplet-engineered organoids recapitulate parental tissue transcriptome with inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2022 Jun 28.

  G6PD Inhibition Sensitizes Ovarian Cancer Cells to Oxidative Stress in the Metastatic Omental Microenvironment
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2022 Mar 1;38(9):110438.

  BMP gradient along the intestinal villus axis controls zonated enterocyte and goblet cell states
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2022 Aug 23;40(8):111266.

  SF3B1 facilitates HIF1-signaling and promotes malignancy in pancreatic cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Nanobiotechnology. 2022 Jul 15;20(1):326.

  Differentiated kidney tubular cell-derived extracellular vesicles enhance maturation of tubuloids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;13(3):681-694.

  Temporal transcript profiling identifies a role for unfolded protein stress in human gut ischemia-reperfusion injury
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 29;10(3):e0105522.

  Colon Tumors in Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)-Colonized Mice Do Not Display a Unique Mutational Signature but Instead Possess Host-Dependent
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  NPJ Breast Cancer. 2022 Jul 12;8(1):81.

  Ductal keratin 15+ luminal progenitors in normal breast exhibit a basal-like breast cancer transcriptomic signature
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Commun Biol. 2022 Oct 14;5(1):1095.

  Rapid differentiation of hiPSCs into functional oligodendrocytes using an OLIG2 synthetic modified messenger RNA
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Commun Biol. 2022 Oct 14;5(1):1094.

  A comprehensive transcriptomic comparison of hepatocyte model systems improves selection of models for experimental use
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Commun Biol. 2022 Oct 28;5(1):1144.

  Live slow-frozen human tumor tissues viable for 2D, 3D, ex vivo cultures and single-cell RNAseq
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jan 24;23(3):1286.

  Unravelling Mechanisms of Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in 3D Human Intestinal Organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Neoplasia. 2022 May;27:100784.

  Inhibition of HDACs reduces Ewing sarcoma tumor growth through EWS-FLI1 protein destabilization
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  iScience. 2022 Jan 6;25(2):103736.

  Human induced pluripotent stem cells display a similar mutation burden as embryonic pluripotent cells in vivo
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  iScience. 2022 Jan;25（2）:103736.

  Human induced pluripotent stem cells display a similar mutation burden as embryonic pluripotent cells in vivo
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 1;10:820930.

  Substrate Stiffness Determines the Establishment of Apical-Basal Polarization in Renal Epithelial Cells but Not in Tubuloid-Derived Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Dis Model Mech. 2022 May 1;15(5):dmm049379.

  Endometrial organoids derived from Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome patients provide insights into disease-causing pathways
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Journal of Ovarian Research. 2022 Apr.

  Using Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Biosensors to Interrogate Ovarian Cancer Metabolism
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancers (Basel). 2022 May 19;14(10):2508.

  Dynamic Visualization of TGF-β/SMAD3 Transcriptional Responses in Single Living Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Appl Biochem Biotechnol Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Jul 1.

  Apatinib Through Activating the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway to Cause Dysfunction of Vascular Smooth Muscle CellsMuscle Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2022 Jul 31;3(3):101597.

  Protocols to culture and harvest hepatic tumor organoids for metabolic assays
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2022 Aug 18;3(3):101639.

  Differentiation and CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genetic engineering of human intestinal organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Fundamental Research. 2022 Jun.

  Droplet-engineered organoids recapitulate parental tissue transcriptome with inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Vis Exp. 2022 Feb 12.

  Establishment and Genetic Manipulation of Murine Hepatocyte Organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2022 Jan 10;3(1):101079.

  Normal and tumor-derived organoids as a drug screening platform for tumor-specific drug vulnerabilities
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Utrecht University. 2022.

  The beginning of a new life: characterizing somatic mutation accumulation in fetal stem cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2021 Jul 1;28(7):1221-1232.e7.

  Exploring the human lacrimal gland using organoids and single-cell sequencing
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2021 Jun 23;12(1):3896.

  Single cell derived mRNA signals across human kidney tumors
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2021 Sep 17;12(1):5498.

  A CRISPR/Cas9 genetically engineered organoid biobank reveals essential host factors for coronaviruses
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 3;12(1):1407.

  Somatic mutations and single-cell transcriptomes reveal the root of malignant rhabdoid tumours
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021 Jan.

  Chemotherapy‐Enriched THBS2‐Deficient Cancer Stem Cells Drive Hepatocarcinogenesis through Matrix Softness Induced Histone H3 Modifications
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021 Feb.

  Inhibition Lysosomal Degradation of Clusterin by Protein Kinase D3 Promotes Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Tumor Growth
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021 Jan 6;8(4):2003205.

  Inhibition Lysosomal Degradation of Clusterin by Protein Kinase D3 Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Tumor Growth
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Protoc. 2021 Oct;16(10):4633-4649.

  Intestinal organoid cocultures with microbes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021 Dec 16;118 (51) e2117017118.

  Adult Mouse and Human Organoids derived from Thyroid Follicular Cells and modelling of Graves’ Hyperthyroidism
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021.

  Bacterially produced R-spondin3 increases Hepatocyte Proliferation Independent of Liver Zonation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  EMBO Mol Med. 2021 Jul 7;13(7):e13067.

  Cysteamine-bicalutamide combination therapy corrects proximal tubule phenotype in cystinosis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Feb 16;118(7):e2017115118.

  SOX2 is required independently in both stem and differentiated cells for pituitary tumorigenesis in p27 null mice
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nature Protocols. 2021 Jan;16(1):182-217.

  Establishment of human fetal hepatocyte organoids and CRISPR-Cas9-based gene knockin and knockout in organoid cultures from human liver
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2021 Mar 9;34(10):108819.

  Human gastrointestinal epithelia of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum resolved at single-cell resolution
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 20;36(3):109351.

  Early invasion of the bladder wall by solitary bacteria protects UPEC from antibiotics and neutrophil swarms in an organoid model
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2021 Aug 24;36(8):109568.

  Organoid-based drug screening reveals neddylation as therapeutic target for malignant rhabdoid tumors
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep. 2021 Jul 20;36(3):109351.

  Early invasion of the bladder wall by solitary bacteria protects UPEC from antibiotics and neutrophil swarms in an organoid model
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Healthc Mater. 2021 Aug;10(16):e2100821.

  Extracellular Matrix Stiffness Regulates DNA Methylation by PKCα-Dependent Nuclear Transport of DNMT3L
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Death Dis. 2021 Jan 18;12(1):95.

  Proteomics analysis of human intestinal organoids during hypoxia and reoxygenation as a model to study ischemia-reperfusion injury
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  EMBO Reports. 2021 Oct 25;22:e52058.

  Modelling of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia using Patient-derived Airway Organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  EMBO Rep. 2021 Dec 6;22(12):e52058.

  Modelling of primary ciliary dyskinesia using patient-derived airway organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nanoscale. 2021 May 13;13(18):8614-8622.

  Ordered inverse-opal scaffold based on bionic transpiration to create a biomimetic spine
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Apr 23;106(5):1410-1426.

  Organoid Cultures Derived From Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Arch Toxicol. 2021 Aug;95(8):2691-2718.

  New insights into the mechanisms underlying 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal toxicity based on transcriptomic and metabolomic responses in human intestinal organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 15;11(1):8206.

  Interleukin-37 regulates innate immune signaling in human and mouse colonic organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Chem Eng Sci. 2021 Jul 20;Volume 238, 116632.

  Microfluidic droplets as structural templates for Matrigel to enable 1-week large organoid modeling
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Biol Med. 2021 Mar 12;18(3):750-762.

  Raltitrexed as a synergistic hyperthermia chemotherapy drug screened in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Mol Hum Reprod. 2021 May 29;27(6):gaab033.

  Two alternative methods for the retrieval of somatic cell populations from the mouse ovary
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Oct 8;573:151-157.

  Human embryonic stem cell-derived melanocytes exhibit limited immunogenicity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2021 Dec 8;2(4):100997.

  Generation of mixed murine organoids to model cellular interactions
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  bioRxiv. 2021 May 6;442764.

  Behavioral-transcriptomic landscape of engineered T cells targeting human cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  bioRxiv. 2021 Mar 9.

  c-Myc plays a key role in IFN-γ induced persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  bioRxiv. 2021 Apr 26.

  Self-organization of Tissue Growth by Interfacial Mechanical Interactions in Multi-layered Systems
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCE). 2021;41(8):1017-1024.

  Establishment and optimization of co-culture technology for breast cancer organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Tiss. Biol. 2021 Sep;15, 554–562.

  Organoid and Primary Epithelial Cultures of Human Prostate Show the Key Role of the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Generation of Tissue-Specific Stromal Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  University of Bergen. 2021 Jun.

  Development and Characterization of an ex vivo Organotypic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Model to Study the Effect of Elevated Oxygen Treatment
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Universiteit Utrecht. 2021 Apr.

  Leveraging technological opportunities in cancer genomics
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nature. 2020 Apr;580(7802):269-273.

  Mutational Signature in Colorectal Cancer Caused by Genotoxic Pks + E. Coli
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nature. 2020 Dec;588(7839):664-669.

  Creation of bladder assembloids mimicking tissue regeneration and cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell. 2020 Jan 23;180(2):233-247.e21.

  Snake Venom Gland Organoids.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell. 2020 May 7;S0092-8674(20)30501-8.

  High-Resolution mRNA and Secretome Atlas of Human Enteroendocrine Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Res. 2020 Feb;30(2):163-178.

  ILF3 is a substrate of SPOP for regulating serine biosynthesis in colorectal cancer.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Microbiol. 2020 Nov;5(11):1390-1402.

  Reprogramming of host glutamine metabolism during Chlamydia trachomatis infection and its key role in peptidoglycan synthesis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Biomed Eng. 2020 Sep;4(9):863-874.

  High-throughput automated organoid culture via stem-cell aggregation in microcavity arrays
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Biomed Eng. 2020 Sep;4(9):875-888.

  Three-dimensional single-cell imaging for the analysis of RNA and protein expression in intact tumour biopsies
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Mar 5;26(3):431-440.e8.

  Genome-Scale CRISPR Screening in Human Intestinal Organoids Identifies Drivers of TGF-β Resistance
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Apr 2;26(4):503-510.e7.

  CRISPR-Based Adenine Editors Correct Nonsense Mutations in a Cystic Fibrosis Organoid Biobank
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Apr 2;26(4):569-578.e7.

  Plasticity of Lgr5-Negative Cancer Cells Drives Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Nov 5;27(5):840-851.e6.

  Next-Generation Surrogate Wnts Support Organoid Growth and Deconvolute Frizzled Pleiotropy In Vivo
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2020 May 19;11(1):2493.

  The Mutational Impact of Culturing Human Pluripotent and Adult Stem Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2020 Mar 11;11(1):1310.

  An Organoid Biobank for Childhood Kidney Cancers That Captures Disease and Tissue Heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2020 Dec 22;11(1):6438.

  MaTAR25 lncRNA regulates the Tensin1 gene to impact breast cancer progression
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2020 Sep 15;11(1):4629.

  Phenotypic profiling with a living biobank of primary rhabdomyosarcoma unravels disease heterogeneity and AKT sensitivity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020 Jul 26;7(18):2001797.

  Polyisocyanide Hydrogels as a Tunable Platform for Mammary Gland Organoid Formation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Protoc. 2020 Oct;15(10):3380-3409.

  Establishment of patient-derived cancer organoids for drug-screening applications
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Res. 2020 Apr 1;80(7):1486-1497.

  Truncated ASPP2 Drives Initiation and Progression of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma via Distinct Mechanisms
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  EMBO Mol Med. 2020 Feb 11.

  Cysteamine-bicalutamide combination treatment restores alpha-ketoglutarate and corrects proximal tubule phenotype in cystinosis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Genome Res. 2020 Sep;30(9):1258-1273.

  Comprehensive analysis of structural variants in breast cancer genomes using single-molecule sequencing
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Environ Health Perspect. 2020 Jun;128(6):67008.

  Effects of Inorganic Arsenic on Human Prostate Stem-Progenitor Cell Transformation, Autophagic Flux Blockade, and NRF2 Pathway Activation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Elife. 2020 Apr 21;9:e52511.

  ERK3/MAPK6 Controls IL-8 Production and Chemotaxis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Biofabrication. 2020 May 19.

  Use of Inkjet-Printed Single Cells to Quantify Intratumoral Heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  PLoS Pathog. 2020 Apr 13;16(4):e1008498.

  Intestinal Restriction of Salmonella Typhimurium Requires caspase-1 and caspase-11 Epithelial Intrinsic Inflammasomes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Br J Cancer. 2020 May;122(11):1673-1685.

  CSN6-TRIM21 Axis Instigates Cancer Stemness During Tumorigenesis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 31;10(1):12991.

  Mutation accumulation and developmental lineages in normal and Down syndrome human fetal haematopoiesis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 8;10(1):21475.

  Development of a human primary gut-on-a-chip to model inflammatory processes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Cell Int. 2020 Mar 18;20:86.

  Breast Cancer Organoids From a Patient With Giant Papillary Carcinoma as a High-Fidelity Model
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Infect Immun. 2020 Apr 13;IAI.00017-20.

  Salmonella enterica Infection of Murine and Human Enteroid-Derived Monolayers Elicits Differential Activation of Epithelial-Intrinsic Inflammasomes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  PLoS One. 2020 May 18;15(5):e0231588.

  Patient-derived Oral Mucosa Organoids as an in Vitro Model for Methotrexate Induced Toxicity in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protocols. 2020 Jun 19;Volume 1, Issue 1.

  Protocol for Application, Standardization and Validation of the Forskolin-Induced Swelling Assay in Cystic Fibrosis Human Colon Organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2020 Sep;9, 6273–6283.

  Rapid Microfluidic Formation of Uniform Patient-Derived Breast Tumor Spheroids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  NAS. 2020 Jun.

  Multiscale activity imaging in mammary gland reveals how oxytocin enables lactation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Curr Protoc Immunol. 2020 Sep;130(1):e106.

  Establishment and Culture of Human Intestinal Organoids Derived from Adult Stem Cells
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Rep Med. 2020 Dec 22;1(9):100161.

  An Automated Organoid Platform with Inter-organoid Homogeneity and Inter-patient Heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2020 Dec 28;2(1):100239.

  Protocol for generation of lung adenocarcinoma organoids from clinical samples
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  STAR Protoc. 2020 Dec 4;1(3):100192.

  Establishment of Pancreatic Organoids from Normal Tissue and Tumors
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  2020 Nov.

  Induction of different human enteroendocrine cells in intestinal organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  2020 Oct.

  Evaluating CRISPR-based Prime Editing for cancer modeling and CFTR repair in intestinal organoids
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Med. 2019 May;25(5):838-849.

  An organoid platform for ovarian cancer captures intra- and interpatient heterogeneity.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Biotechnol. 2019 Mar;37(3):303-313.

  Tubuloids derived from human adult kidney and urine for personalized disease modeling.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Discov. 2019 Jul;9(7):852-871.

  Oral Mucosal Organoids as a Potential Platform for Personalized Cancer Therapy.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Commun. 2019 Aug 23;10(1):3800.

  Rebalancing of actomyosin contractility enables mammary tumor formation upon loss of E-cadherin.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Dec 9.

  Pancreatic cancer organoids recapitulate disease and allow personalized drug screening.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell Mol Life Sci. 2019 Dec 14.

  Modulation of SRSF2 expression reverses the exhaustion of TILs via the epigenetic regulation of immune checkpoint molecules.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  J Clin Med. 2019 Nov 5;8(11).

  Patient-Derived Head and Neck Cancer Organoids Recapitulate EGFR Expression Levels of Respective Tissues and Are Responsive to EGFR-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Biol Proced Online. 2019 Jun 15;21:12.

  Establishment and Morphological Characterization of Patient-Derived Organoids from Breast Cancer.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell. 2018 Jan 11;172(1-2):373-386.e10.

  A Living Biobank of Breast Cancer Organoids Captures Disease Heterogeneity
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cell. 2018 Nov 29;175(6):1591-1606.e19.

  Long-Term Expansion of Functional Mouse and Human Hepatocytes as 3D Organoids.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Adv Mater. 2018 Sep 10;e1801621.

  Growth of Epithelial Organoids in a Defined Hydrogel.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Microbiol. 2018 Jul;3(7):814-823.

  Modelling Cryptosporidium infection in human small intestinal and lung organoids.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Cancer Discov. 2018 Sep 13.

  Prediction of DNA Repair Inhibitor Response in Short Term Patient-Derived Ovarian Cancer Organoids.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Protoc. 2018 Jan;13(1):59-78.

  Measuring mutation accumulation in single human adult stem cells by whole-genome sequencing of organoid cultures
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Protoc. 2018 Feb;13(2):235-247.

  A surgical orthotopic organoid transplantation approach in mice to visualize and study colorectal cancer progression
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2018 Dec;206:16-24.

  Canine primary jejunal and colonic epithelial cells predominantly express TLR5 and TLR9 but do not change TLR expression pattern after stimulation with certain Toll-like receptor ligands.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Oncotarget. 2017 Dec 28;9(12):10375-10387.

  The crosstalk between breast carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells promotes RhoA-dependent invasion via IGF-1 and PAI-1.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2017 Sep 1;78:443-451.

  A dual-layer macro/mesoporous structured TiO2 surface improves the initial adhesion of osteoblast-like cells
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• 

  Am J Clin Exp Urol. 2017 Nov 9;5(3):25-33.

  Organoid culture of human prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and C4-2B
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  CAM. 2017 Sep 29.

  Phenotypic heterogeneity in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: evidence for a stochastic model of proliferation
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nature. 2016 Nov 24;539(7630):560-564.

  Designer matrices for intestinal stem cell and organoid culture
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Nat Protoc. 2016 Feb;347-58.

  Organoid culture systems for prostate epithelial and cancer tissue.
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Natl Med J China. 2015 Nov 3;Vol. 95, No.41 3373-3377.

  Change and Significance of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in the model with natural degeneration of the rat endplate chondrocytes
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

• 

  Section Infection and Immunity. .

  Role of the proto-oncogene c-Myc in the development of Chlamydia trachomatis
  Y-27632 dihydrochloride purchased from AbMole

Customer Product Validations & Biological Datas

	Source	Cancer Discov (2018 Sep). Figure 1. Y27632 (AbMole BioScience)
	Method	general culture
	Cell Lines	Pleural effusion fluid
	Concentrations	10 uM
	Incubation Time
	Results	Illustration of organoid generation from tumor, to plating in Matrigel, to organoid growth

	Source	Advanced materials (2018 Oct). Figure 1. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	Organoid Isolation and Culturing
	Cell Lines	Mouse small intestinal organoids
	Concentrations	10 × 10−6 M
	Incubation Time	20-45 min
	Results	The frequency of cyst formation from single intestinal stem cells after three days (colony formation efficiency) was equally high in the fibrin gel supplemented with 10% v/v BME as in pure BME.

	Source	Nature Microbiology (2018). Figure 3. Y27632 (AbMole BioScience)
	Method	cell culture
	Cell Lines	Lung tissue
	Concentrations	10 uM
	Incubation Time	2 weeks
	Results	Lastly, IFA of sporozoiteinfected organoids using Crypt-a-Glo showed newly formed oocysts at six days post infection

	Source	Oncotarget (2017). Figure 6. Y27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	intraperitoneally
	Cell Lines	SCID mice
	Concentrations	25 mg/kg
	Incubation Time	18 days
	Results	Similar to our in vitro findings, Y27632 significantly increased the expression of PAI-1, confirming the existence of a regulatory mechanism between ROCK and PAI-1 in vivo

	Source	Oncotarget (2017). Figure 5. Y27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	intraperitoneally
	Cell Lines	SCID mice
	Concentrations	25 mg/kg
	Incubation Time	18 days
	Results	After 18 days of treatment, we did not observe any effect of PQ401, Y27632 or PQ401 combined with Y27632 on primary tumor growth, suggesting that the inhibition of ROCK or IGF-1 receptor did not affect cancer cell proliferation.

	Source	Oncotarget (2017). Figure 4. Y27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	immunoblotting
	Cell Lines	MDA-MB-231 cell
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	72 h
	Results	Interestingly, PAI-1 expression increased in cells treated with Y27632, suggesting the existence of a regulatory loop between PAI-1 and ROCK

	Source	Oncotarget (2017). Figure 2. Y27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	Transwell
	Cell Lines	MDA-MB-231 cells
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	72 h
	Results	Y27632 did not affect the scattering and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cultured without CAFs, but significantly reduced the scattering and invasion induced by CAFs, suggesting that CAFs promote the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells via ROCK1/2.

	Source	Nat Protoc (2018). Figure 1. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	i.e.
	Cell Lines	NSG (NOD.Cg-Prkd cscidIl 2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ) mice
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	5–10 min
	Results	Administration of tamoxifen to these mice induces specific activation of the Cre enzyme within the epithelial cells of the small and large intestine, with consequential deletion of both Apc alleles, expression of an oncogenic form of Kras (KrasG12D) and deletion of one of the two Trp53 alleles

	Source	University of California (2017). Figure 7. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	Patient-derived organoid culture
	Cell Lines	biopsy tissue
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	30 min
	Results	mCRPC patient-derived organoids are sensitive to olaparib. Organoids from patients with homozygous loss of CHD1 (V5272 and V5372) show increased sensitivity to PARP inhibition.

	Source	Nat Protoc (2018). Figure 4. Y-27632 dihydrochloride (Abmole Bioscience, USA)
	Method	FACS plots
	Cell Lines	Human liver single-cell
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	7 d
	Results	FACS plots depicting gating strategies for sorting single cells from a human liver organoid culture

	Source	Cell (2017). Figure 1. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	PARPi assay
	Cell Lines	BC organoid lines
	Concentrations	< 100 μm
	Incubation Time	48 h
	Results	Inhibition of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) has been shown to allow long-term proliferation of tumor epithelial cells in vitro and addition of the specific ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 indeed improved culture conditions.

	Source	Am J Clin Exp Urol (2017) . Figure 1. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience, USA)
	Method	Organoid culture
	Cell Lines	LNCaP and C4-2B cells
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	48-72 h
	Results	A few cells presented as an aggregate of two cells or three cells. At day 7, LNCaP cells and C4-2B cells started to present aggregates of multiple cells. At day 14, organoids were formed as aggregates of LNCaP cells and C4-2B cells

	Source	Nature Protocols (2016) . Figure 3. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience)
	Method	MTT assay
	Cell Lines	mouse and human luminal cell
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	2–3 d
	Results	Absence of the ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632) will greatly decrease the efficiency of organoid outgrowth.

	Source	Nature (2016). Figure 1. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience Inc)
	Method	Cell culture.
	Cell Lines	single cells
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time
	Results

	Source	Materials Science and Engineering (2017). Figure 8. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience Inc, USA)
	Method	Cytoskeleton and nucleus staining in the absence or presence of ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632)
	Cell Lines	SaOS-2 cells
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	4 h and 24 h
	Results	After inhibition of ROCK by Y-27632, an expected formation of finger-like filopodia was seen for the cells of all groups after 4 h, as shown by white arrows in Fig. 8b, f and j.

	Source	Materials Science and Engineering (2017). Figure 7. Y-27632 (Abmole Bioscience Inc, USA)
	Method	Cytoskeleton and nucleus staining in the absence or presence of ROCK inhibitor (Y-27632)
	Cell Lines	SaOS-2 cells
	Concentrations	10 μM
	Incubation Time	4 h and 24 h
	Results	The attached cells on the three investigated surfaces in the presence or absence (control) of Y-27632 after 4 h and 24 h were summarized in Fig. 7

Protocol (for reference only)

Cell Experiment
Cell lines	cyES cells
Preparation method	For 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, dissociated cyES cells were seeded at a concentration of 500 cells/cm2 onto fresh feeder layers in the presence of the ROCK inhibitors Y-27632 (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Tokyo, Japan) or Fasudil (Tocris Bioscience, MO, USA) during the first 24 h of culture. The BrdU incorporation assay was performed using colorimetric BrdU Cell proliferation Kit (Roche Diagnostics) according to the manufacturer's instructions. BrdU incorporations were also observed by immunocytochemical (ICC) staining with BrdU Labeling and Detection Kit I (Roche Diagnostics).
Concentrations	0, 0.1, 0.5, 5, 10, 20µM
Incubation time	24 h

Animal Experiment
Animal models	EAC modeling
Formulation	dissolved in 0.9% NaCl
Dosages	0.1, 1, 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days
Administration	i.p.

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight	320.26
Formula	C14H21N3O.2HCl
CAS Number	129830-38-2
Solubility (25°C)	Water ≥ 60 mg/mL DMSO ≥ 45 mg/mL
Storage	Powder          -20°C   3 years ;  4°C   2 years In solvent       -80°C   6 months ;  -20°C   1 month

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (PMID: 27057123)

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of Compound A used for a mouse (20 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 20 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for Compound A of 10 mg/kg.

References

[1] Li X, et al. Stem Cells Dev. The ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 enhances the survival rate of human embryonic stem cells following cryopreservation.

[2] Honjo M, et al. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. Effects of rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on intraocular pressure and outflow facility.

[3] Ishizaki T, et al. Mol Pharmacol. Pharmacological properties of Y-27632, a specific inhibitor of rho-associated kinases.