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> Almitrine mesylate [29608-49-9]

Almitrine mesylate [29608-49-9]

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Almitrine mesylate, a peripheral chemoreceptor agonist, inhibits selectively the Ca2+-dependent K+ channel.

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Almitrine mesylate Chemische Struktur

Almitrine mesylate Chemische Struktur

CAS. Nr. : 29608-49-9

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Beschreibung

Almitrine mesylate, a peripheral chemoreceptor agonist, inhibits selectively the Ca2+-dependent K+ channel.

IC50 & Target

K+ channel[1]
In Vitro

Almitrine inhibits the activity of a high-conductance (152±13 pS), Ca2+-dependent K+ channel by decreasing its open probability. The IC50 value of the effect is 0.22 μM. The inhibitory effect of Almitrine on Ca2+-dependent K+ channels also is observed in GH3 cells. Almitrine at concentrations up to 10 μM does not affect whole-cell voltage-dependent K+, Ca2+, or Na+ currents in rat or rabbit cells. However, this concentration of Almitrine significantly inhibits the Ca2+-dependent component of K+ currents in rat chemoreceptor cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Almitrine mesylate Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Almitrine acts via the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors raising carotid sinus nerve output and minute ventilation. Almitrine also has a pulmonary vascular action causing a dose-dependent constriction and dilatation. At low doses Almitrine enhances hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and may improve the overall ventilation/perfusion ratio[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molekulargewicht

669.76

Formel

C28H37F2N7O6S2
CAS. Nr.

29608-49-9
Unlabeled CAS

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C=CCNC1=NC(N(CC2)CCN2C(C3=CC=C(F)C=C3)C4=CC=C(F)C=C4)=NC(NCC=C)=N1.O=S(O)(C)=O.O=S(O)(C)=O
Versand

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Speicherung

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Lösungsmittel & Löslichkeit
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (149.31 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.4931 mL 7.4654 mL 14.9307 mL
5 mM 0.2986 mL 1.4931 mL 2.9861 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molaritätsrechner

  • Verdünnungsrechner

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.73 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.73 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Reinheit & Dokumentation
Verweise

  • [1]. López-López JR, et al. Effects of Almitrine bismesylate on the ionic currents of chemoreceptor cells from the carotid body. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):330-9.  [Content Brief]

    [2]. Bee D, et al. An analysis of the action of an analogue of Almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. Exp Physiol. 1992 Nov;77(6):819-28.  [Content Brief]

Tierverwaltung
[2]

Rats[2]
8-week-old male spf Wistar rats are used. Rats are anaesthetized with Thiobarbiturate inactin (BYK, 100 mg/kg, i.p.). The interaction of the ventilatory response to hypoxia and an intermittent (2 min on, 1 min break) low-dose (10 μg/kg per min) and high-dose (80 μg/kg per min) infusion of S9581 or Almitrine is tested in control and chronically hypoxic rats. S9581 or Almitrine is infused intravenously (100 μg/ mL). Inspired oxygen levels were controlled by passing oxygen-nitrogen mixtures across the tracheal port at a flow rate of 3-41 min-1[2].

MCE hat die Genauigkeit dieser Methoden nicht unabhängig bestätigt. Sie dienen nur als Referenz.
Verweise

  • [1]. López-López JR, et al. Effects of Almitrine bismesylate on the ionic currents of chemoreceptor cells from the carotid body. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):330-9.  [Content Brief]

    [2]. Bee D, et al. An analysis of the action of an analogue of Almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. Exp Physiol. 1992 Nov;77(6):819-28.  [Content Brief]

  • [1]. López-López JR, et al. Effects of Almitrine bismesylate on the ionic currents of chemoreceptor cells from the carotid body. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):330-9.

    [2]. Bee D, et al. An analysis of the action of an analogue of Almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. Exp Physiol. 1992 Nov;77(6):819-28.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.4931 mL 7.4654 mL 14.9307 mL 37.3268 mL
5 mM 0.2986 mL 1.4931 mL 2.9861 mL 7.4654 mL
10 mM 0.1493 mL 0.7465 mL 1.4931 mL 3.7327 mL
15 mM 0.0995 mL 0.4977 mL 0.9954 mL 2.4885 mL
20 mM 0.0747 mL 0.3733 mL 0.7465 mL 1.8663 mL
25 mM 0.0597 mL 0.2986 mL 0.5972 mL 1.4931 mL
30 mM 0.0498 mL 0.2488 mL 0.4977 mL 1.2442 mL
40 mM 0.0373 mL 0.1866 mL 0.3733 mL 0.9332 mL
50 mM 0.0299 mL 0.1493 mL 0.2986 mL 0.7465 mL
60 mM 0.0249 mL 0.1244 mL 0.2488 mL 0.6221 mL
80 mM 0.0187 mL 0.0933 mL 0.1866 mL 0.4666 mL
100 mM 0.0149 mL 0.0747 mL 0.1493 mL 0.3733 mL
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Almitrine mesylate Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Keywords:

Almitrine29608-49-9Almitrine bismesylate Almitrine bismethanesulfonate Almitrine dimesylatePotassium ChannelKcsAInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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