Reagenti e strumenti per immunologia, biologia cellulare e biologia molecolare
 
> Carrageenan [9000-07-1]

Carrageenan [9000-07-1]

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Cat# HY-125474-10g

Size : 10g

Marca : MedChemExpress


Description

Carrageenan is an antiviral and anticancer agent. Carrageenan inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV), HIV, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) by directly binding to the viral capsid to block the attachment of viruses such as HPV to HSPG factors on the cell surface. Carrageenan delays and arrests cell cycle progression, exhibits cytotoxicity against HeLa cancer cells, and can be applied to studies related to cervical cancer, genital warts, hepatitis A, and other conditions. Carrageenan also induces acute non-immune inflammation, triggers a three-phase inflammatory response involving the release of multiple proinflammatory mediators, and causes persistent edema, hyperalgesia, and neutrophil recruitment in mice[1][2][3].

In Vitro

ι-carrageenan (HY-W145523), λ-carrageenan (HY-N9470) and κ-carrageenan (HY-138962) (20-1000 μg/mL; 3-15 d) show no significant cytotoxicity against PLC/PRF/5 cells at concentrations up to 200 μg/mL. Among them, the cytotoxicity thresholds (cell viability CD50 >1000 μg/mL) of ι-carrageenan and λ-carrageenan are higher than that of κ-carrageenan (cell viability CD50=732.1 μg/mL)[2].
ι-carrageenan, λ-carrageenan, and κ-carrageenan (0.5-200 μg/mL; 15 d) potently inhibit the expression of HAV antigen in PLC/PRF/5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro, among which ι-carrageenan (ED50=2.5 μg/mL) exhibits the strongest activity, followed by λ-carrageenan (ED50=4.5 μg/mL) and κ-carrageenan (ED50=100.3 μg/mL); meanwhile, they also reduce the replication and infectivity of HAV in PLC/PRF/5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner[2].
κ-carrageenan and λ-carrageenan (250-2500 μg/mL; 72 h) exhibit moderate concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, with λ-carrageenan (IC50=475 μg/mL) showing stronger activity than κ-carrageenan (IC50=550.8 μg/mL); in addition, λ-carrageenan also exerts a strong concentration-dependent antiproliferative effect and reduces cell confluence[3].
κ-carrageenan (250-2500 μg/mL; 72 h) induces concentration-dependent G2/M phase arrest in HeLa-FUCCI cells, whereas λ-CO does not alter the proportion of each cell cycle phase in HeLa-FUCCI cells[3].
κ-carrageenan and λ-carrageenan (250-2500 μg/mL; 72 h) show no significant cytotoxicity against HUVEC at concentrations up to 2500 μg/mL, and do not increase the mortality of HUVEC cells[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Carrageenan Related Antibodies

Cell Cytotoxicity Assay[3]

Cell Line: HeLa
Concentration: 250-2500 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Increased dead cell percentage in a dose-dependent manner (k-CO).
Increased dead cell percentage in a dose-dependent manner and reduced cell confluence in a concentration-dependent manner (λ-CO).

Cell Cycle Analysis[3]

Cell Line: HeLa-FUCCI
Concentration: 250-2500 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Caused a concentration-dependent increase in the ratio of cells arrested in the G2/M phase, with a linear correlation between concentration and G2/M phase cell ratio (k-CO).
Showed no significant difference in cell cycle phase ratios compared to untreated cells (λ-CO).
In Vivo

Single subcutaneous injection of carrageenan (300 μg per paw) induces biphasic paw edema, long-term mechanical hyperalgesia, and approximately 10-fold increased neutrophil recruitment (as detected by MPO activity assay) in mice. These responses are partially dependent on the TNF-α p55 receptor signaling pathway[4].
Carrageenan (1% (w/v); s.c.; plantar region of the left hind paw) at an injection volume of 100 μL induces acute paw edema in male Wistar rats (with the peak edema volume reached 4-5 hours post-injection), while an injection volume of 25 μL induces acute paw edema in male Swiss albino mice[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Swiss mice (male, 30-35 g); C57/BL6 mice (male, 30-35 g); TNF-α p55 receptor knockout mice (C57/BL6 background, male, 30-35 g)[4]
Dosage: 300 μg per paw
Administration: s.c.; single injection
Result: Induced a biphasic paw oedema (peaks at 6 and 72 hours) in Swiss and C57/BL6 mice, which resolved by 96 hours.\n
Caused sustained mechanical allodynia, detectable as early as 1 hour post-injection and persisting for up to 72 hours, with similar response frequencies in Swiss and C57/BL6 mice.\n
Increased MPO activity in paw tissue by ~10-fold at 6 hours post-injection in Swiss and C57/BL6 mice.\nReduced paw oedema by 89% at 6 hours and 50% at 48 hours in TNF-α p55 receptor knockout mice.\n
Reduced mechanical allodynia by 39% at 6 hours, 37% at 24 hours, and 25% at 48 hours in TNF-α p55 receptor knockout mice.\n
Reduced MPO activity by 51% at 6 hours in TNF-α p55 receptor knockout mice.
Animal Model: Wistar (male, 165-220 g) and Albino Swiss (male, 25-35 g)[5]
Dosage: 100 μL of 1% (w/v), 25 μL of 1% (w/v)
Administration: s.c. into plantar region of left hind paw; single dose
Result: Induced acute paw edema, with paw volume increasing to a maximum of ~2.2 mL at 4-5 hours post-injection, then decreasing to ~1.8 mL by 24 hours post-injection.
Induced acute paw edema, with plethysmometry used to quantify volume changes over the 24-hour period.
Essai clinique
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

[Carrageenan]
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvant et solubilité
In Vitro: 

H2O : 3.33 mg/mL (ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

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