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> Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human [16941-32-5]

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human [16941-32-5]

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Référence HY-P0082-1mg

Conditionnement : 1mg

Marque : MedChemExpress


Description

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine is a peptide hormone, produced by pancreatic α-cells. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis[1]. Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human, porcine activates HNF4α and increases HNF4α phosphorylation[2][3].

In Vitro

Upon binding to its receptor Gcgr, Glucagon activates cAMP-PKA signaling to stimulate hepatic glucose production (HGP) and cause hyperglycemia[1].
Glucagon stimulates both hepatic kisspeptin1 production and gluconeogenesis[1].
Glucagon (100 nM) represses CYP7A1 mRNA expression in human primary hepatocytes[3].
Glucagon (100 nM) increases phosphorylayion of HNF4α[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Glucagon (1-29), bovine, human Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: Human primary hepatocytes (H1211, HH1215)
Concentration: 100 nM
Incubation Time:
Result: Resulted in a marked increase in the amount of phosphorylated HNF4α.
In Vivo

Low-dose (20 μg/kg) Glucagon increases glycemia and does not stimulate insulin secretion in ambient-fed mice. High-dose (1 mg/kg) Glucagon lowers glycemia compared with PBS control and stimulates insulin secretion in ambient-fed mice[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: C57BL/6J mice (12- to 24-week-old)[4]
Dosage: 20 μg/kg and 1 mg/kg
Administration: Administered by i.p. injection; 45 minutes
Result: Low-dose (20 μg/kg) increased glycemia and did not stimulate insulin secretion.
High-dose (1 mg/kg) lowered glycemia and stimulated insulin secretion.
Essai clinique
Masse moléculaire

3482.75

Formule

C153H225N43O49S
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

Sequence

His-Ser-Gln-Gly-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Asp-Tyr-Ser-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asp-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ala-Gln-Asp-Phe-Val-Gln-Trp-Leu-Met-Asn-Thr
Sequence Shortening

HSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNT
Livraison

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Stockage

Sealed storage, away from moisture and light

Powder -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

Solvant et solubilité
In Vitro: 

H2O : 6.67 mg/mL (1.92 mM; ultrasonic and adjust pH to 3 with HCl)

DMSO : 2 mg/mL (0.57 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.2871 mL 1.4356 mL 2.8713 mL
5 mM --- --- ---
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 0.2 mg/mL (0.06 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.2 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (2.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 0.2 mg/mL (0.06 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 0.2 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (2.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Pureté et documentation
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