HRP-Linked Polyclonal Antibody to Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Alpha (PPARa)

Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals that contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, although the full-length nature of only two has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PPAR-alpha: Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl- 2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2. Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.

Protein type: DNA-binding; Nuclear receptor

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 22q13.31

Cellular Component: nucleoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: DNA binding; drug binding; ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity; lipid binding; protein binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; steroid hormone receptor activity; transcription factor activity; transcription factor binding; ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding

Biological Process: cellular lipid metabolic process; circadian regulation of gene expression; fatty acid transport; lipid metabolic process; negative regulation of appetite; negative regulation of glycolysis; negative regulation of inflammatory response; negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; regulation of circadian rhythm; transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter