Human blood is a complex biological fluid containing plasma and cellular components, primarily erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and platelets. In addition to its physiological roles in gas and nutrient transport, hemostasis, immune surveillance, and systemic communication, blood provides an accessible source of cells, proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and extracellular vesicles for biomedical research.

Key Features

• Complex Cellular Composition : Erythrocytes, diverse leukocyte populations, and platelets are suspended in plasma, supporting studies of cellular and molecular interactions.

• Molecular Diversity: Whole blood contains proteins, lipids, metabolites, circulating nucleic acids, and extracellular vesicles suitable for molecular and multi-omics analyses.

• Fractionation Potential : Peripheral blood can be processed into plasma, erythrocytes, platelets, total leukocytes, or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for downstream applications.

Usual Research Uses

• Immunology and Inflammation: Immune-cell phenotyping, immune-response characterization, and functional studies.

• Flow Cytometry and Cell Isolation: Characterization, enumeration, or enrichment of specific blood-cell populations.

• Transcriptomics and Multi-Omics : Gene-expression profiling and investigation of immune states, disease-associated molecular signatures, and circulating biomarkers.

• Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Biomarker Research: Profiling of circulating molecular components to investigate systemic biological states and disease-associated changes.