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> Brefeldin A [20350-15-6]

Brefeldin A [20350-15-6]

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Brefeldine A (BFA) est un antibiotique de lactone et un inhibiteur spécifique du trafic de protéines. Brefeldine A bloque le transport des protéines sécrétées et membranaires du réticulum endoplasmique vers l'appareil de Golgi. Brefeldin A est également un inhibiteur de autophagie et de mitophagie. Brefeldin A est un activateur de CRISPR/Cas9. Brefeldine A inhibe le HSV-1 et a une activité anti-cancéreuse.

Brefeldin A (BFA) ist ein Lacton-Antibiotikum und ein spezifischer Inhibitor des protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blockiert den Transport von Sekret- und Membranproteinen vom endoplasmatischen Retikulum zum Golgi-Apparat. Brefeldin A ist auch ein autophagy und mitophagy-Inhibitor. Brefeldin A ist ein CRISPR/Cas9-Aktivator. Brefeldin A hemmt HSV-1 und hat krebshemmende Wirkung.

Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor. Brefeldin A is a CRISPR/Cas9 activator. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity.

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Brefeldin A Estructura química

Brefeldin A Estructura química

No. CAS : 20350-15-6

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Based on 68 publication(s) in Google Scholar

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Rep. 2023 Mar 26;42(4):112306.  [Abstract]

    Brefeldin A (BFA) slightly reduces the ubiquitination of STING in HEK293T cells (transfection with Myc-STING, FLAG-TRIM10, and HA-Ub for 24 h).

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cell Mol Med. 2019 Apr;23(4):2399-2409.  [Abstract]

    MHCC-97H cells are treated with BFA (2.5 μg/mL) for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, and 12 h. The expression of GP73 and intracellular MMP-2 is measured using immunoblotting.

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FASEB J. 2019 Apr;33(4):5520-5534.  [Abstract]

    The interaction of Beclin 1 with Bcl-2 or ATG14L after BFA treatment is determined by coimmunoprecipitation assay.

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FASEB J. 2019 Apr;33(4):5520-5534.  [Abstract]

    CRC cells are treated with vehicle, BFA (100 nM), 3-MA (10 mM), or in combination for 24 h. Immunoblot analysis is used to detect LC3 turnover.

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: FASEB J. 2019 Apr;33(4):5520-5534.  [Abstract]

    Apoptotic effects induced by BFA are examined in CRC cells.

    Brefeldin A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Radiat Res. 2017 Jul 1;58(4):474-486.  [Abstract]

    Images showing the morphology of axons after 2.0 mT of 50 Hz MF exposure for 3 days, 1 h per day. Histograms showing the average axon length per neuron, the average axon branch length per neuron and the average number of branches per axon in the sham and exposure groups. Neurons were treated with 1.0 µg/mL brefeldin A at DIV2 as a positive control.

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    Descripciòn

    Brefeldin A (BFA) is a lactone antibiotic and a specific inhibitor of protein trafficking. Brefeldin A blocks the transport of secreted and membrane proteins from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi apparatus[1][2]. Brefeldin A is also an autophagy and mitophagy inhibitor[3]. Brefeldin A is a CRISPR/Cas9 activator[5]. Brefeldin A inhibits HSV-1 and has anti-cancer activity[5].

    IC50 & Target[5][6]

    CRISPR/Cas9

     

    HSV-1

     

    In Vitro

    Brefeldin A (BFA) treatment for 15 h or 40 h, causes dramatic swelling of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) and shifts its localization to the periphery of normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. Prolonged Brefeldin A treatment results in marked disruption of the MT and actin cytoskeleton[1]. ADP-ribosylation of BARS is mediated by formation of a conjugate between Brefeldin A and ADPR. BARS shows BAC binding when incubated with the medium from the BFA-treated CD38+ HeLa cells[3]. Brefeldin A induces anchorage-independent cell death in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, inhibits the formation of MDA-MB-231 colonies in 3D and 2D cultures and inhibits the migration and MMP 9 (Matrix Metallopeptidase 9) activity of MDA-MB-231[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Brefeldin A Related Antibodies
    Peso molecular

    280.36

    Fòrmula

    C16H24O4
    No. CAS

    20350-15-6
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O[C@@H]1C[C@]2(13)[C@@](/C=C/CCC[C@H](C)OC(/C=C/[C@H]2O)=O)(13)C1
    Structure Classification
    • Antibiotics
    • Disease Research
    • Anticancer
    • Antibiotics
    • Disease Research
    • Antiviral
    • Antibiotics
    • Macrolide Antibiotics
    Initial Source
    • Microorganisms

    Penicillium
    Envío

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Almacenamiento
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvente y solubilidad
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 100 mg/mL (356.68 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Ethanol : 11.11 mg/mL (39.63 mM; Need ultrasonic)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.5668 mL 17.8342 mL 35.6684 mL
    5 mM 0.7134 mL 3.5668 mL 7.1337 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    • Calculadora de molaridad

    • Calculadora de dilución

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.92 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.92 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Pureza y Documentación

    Purity: 99.87%

    COA (258 KB) HNMR (276 KB) LCMS (95 KB)

    Instrucciones de manejo (2659 KB)
    Referencias

    • [1]. Alvarez C, et al. Brefeldin A (BFA) disrupts the organization of the microtubule and the actin cytoskeletons. Eur J Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;78(1):1-14.  [Content Brief]

      [2]. Tseng CN, et al. Brefeldin A reduces anchorage-independent survival, cancer stem cell potential and migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Molecules. 2014 Oct 29;19(11):17464-77.  [Content Brief]

      [3]. Wang J, et al. Erythroleukemia cells acquire an alternative mitophagy capability. Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 19;6:24641.  [Content Brief]

      [4]. Colanzi A, et al. Molecular mechanism and functional role of brefeldin A-mediated ADP-ribosylation of CtBP1/BARS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 11;110(24):9794-9.  [Content Brief]

      [5]. Yu C, et al. Small molecules enhance CRISPR genome editing in pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 2015 Feb 5;16(2):142-7.  [Content Brief]

      [6]. Nozawa N, et al. Subcellular localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 UL51 protein and role of palmitoylation in Golgi apparatus targeting. J Virol. 2003 Mar;77(5):3204-16.  [Content Brief]

      [7]. Jensen HL, Rygaard J, Norrild B. A time-related study of Brefeldin A effects in HSV-1 infected cultured human fibroblasts. APMIS. 1995;103(7-8):530-539. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1995.tb01402.x  [Content Brief]

    Ensayo celular
    [1]

    Cells are grown on glass coverslips, fixed in 3 % paraformaldehyde in PBS (10 min at room temperature) and then washed in PBS. Cells are permeabilized with 0.01 % Triton X-lOO in PBS at room temperature for 7 min. The coverslips are washed (3 times in PBS/0.2 % Tween) incubated in PBS/O.4 % fish skin gelatin/0.2 % Tween (5 min) and in PBS/2.5 % goat serum/0.2 % Tween (5 min.). After blocking, the cells are incubated with primary antibodies for 45 min at 37°C, and then washed with PBS/0.2 % Tween (5 times, 5 min each). The secondary antibodies are added for 30 min at 37°C and then cells are washed as above. Coverslips are mounted on slides in 9: 1 glycerol/PBS with 0.1 % o-phenylenediamine.

    MCE no ha confirmado la precisión de estos métodos independientemente. Son solo para referencia.
    Referencias

    • [1]. Alvarez C, et al. Brefeldin A (BFA) disrupts the organization of the microtubule and the actin cytoskeletons. Eur J Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;78(1):1-14.  [Content Brief]

      [2]. Tseng CN, et al. Brefeldin A reduces anchorage-independent survival, cancer stem cell potential and migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Molecules. 2014 Oct 29;19(11):17464-77.  [Content Brief]

      [3]. Wang J, et al. Erythroleukemia cells acquire an alternative mitophagy capability. Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 19;6:24641.  [Content Brief]

      [4]. Colanzi A, et al. Molecular mechanism and functional role of brefeldin A-mediated ADP-ribosylation of CtBP1/BARS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 11;110(24):9794-9.  [Content Brief]

      [5]. Yu C, et al. Small molecules enhance CRISPR genome editing in pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell. 2015 Feb 5;16(2):142-7.  [Content Brief]

      [6]. Nozawa N, et al. Subcellular localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 UL51 protein and role of palmitoylation in Golgi apparatus targeting. J Virol. 2003 Mar;77(5):3204-16.  [Content Brief]

      [7]. Jensen HL, Rygaard J, Norrild B. A time-related study of Brefeldin A effects in HSV-1 infected cultured human fibroblasts. APMIS. 1995;103(7-8):530-539. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1995.tb01402.x  [Content Brief]

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    Ethanol / DMSO 1 mM 3.5668 mL 17.8342 mL 35.6684 mL 89.1711 mL
    5 mM 0.7134 mL 3.5668 mL 7.1337 mL 17.8342 mL
    10 mM 0.3567 mL 1.7834 mL 3.5668 mL 8.9171 mL
    15 mM 0.2378 mL 1.1889 mL 2.3779 mL 5.9447 mL
    20 mM 0.1783 mL 0.8917 mL 1.7834 mL 4.4586 mL
    25 mM 0.1427 mL 0.7134 mL 1.4267 mL 3.5668 mL
    30 mM 0.1189 mL 0.5945 mL 1.1889 mL 2.9724 mL
    DMSO 40 mM 0.0892 mL 0.4459 mL 0.8917 mL 2.2293 mL
    50 mM 0.0713 mL 0.3567 mL 0.7134 mL 1.7834 mL
    60 mM 0.0594 mL 0.2972 mL 0.5945 mL 1.4862 mL
    80 mM 0.0446 mL 0.2229 mL 0.4459 mL 1.1146 mL
    100 mM 0.0357 mL 0.1783 mL 0.3567 mL 0.8917 mL
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    Brefeldin A Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs

    Keywords:

    Brefeldin A20350-15-6BFA Cyanein DecumbinAutophagyCRISPR/Cas9MitophagyHSVAntibioticBacterialMitochondrial AutophagyHerpes simplex virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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